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   1  If you read this file _as_is_, just ignore the funny characters you
   2  see. It is written in the POD format (see perlpod manpage) which is
   3  specially designed to be readable as is.
   4  
   5  =head1 NAME
   6  
   7  README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
   8  
   9  =head1 SYNOPSIS
  10  
  11     http://www.bixby.org/mark/perlix.html
  12     http://jazz.external.hp.com/src/hp_freeware/perl/
  13     Perl language for MPE
  14     Last updated January 12, 2006 @ 2100 UTC
  15  
  16  
  17  =head1 NOTE
  18  
  19  This is a podified version of the above-mentioned web page,
  20  podified by Jarkko Hietaniemi 2001-Jan-01.
  21  
  22  =head1 Binary distribution from HP
  23  
  24  The simplest way to obtain Perl for the MPE/iX is to go either of
  25  these URLs and follow the instructions within.
  26  
  27  http://jazz.external.hp.com/src/hp_freeware/perl/
  28  http://www.bixby.org/mark/perlix.html
  29  
  30  Use which ever one is more recent.
  31  
  32  
  33  =head1 What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
  34  
  35  January 12, 2006
  36  
  37  =over 4
  38  
  39  =item *
  40  
  41  Updated for perl-5.8.8 and perl-5.9.3 by Ken Hirsch.
  42  
  43  Simplified the build process by using the MPEAUTOCONF
  44  functionality in Mark Klein's ld.
  45  
  46  If you build this from scratch, make sure you have a version
  47  of ld which supports it.  In the shell, type
  48  
  49    ld --help
  50      and look for AUTOCONF or MPEAUTOCONF near the bottom
  51  
  52    or do this:
  53    ld --help 2>&1 | grep AUTOCONF
  54  
  55  If you see don't see AUTOCONF or MPEAUTOCONF, make sure you get a new
  56  version.
  57  
  58  You also do not have to use mpeix/relink after building, so the
  59  recommend sequence is:
  60  
  61    ./Configure -de
  62  
  63        # or ./Configure -de -Dusedevel 
  64        # if you're building a development version
  65  
  66    make
  67    make test
  68       # if you run this in a job, do "make test_notty"
  69  
  70    make install
  71  
  72  Be prepared for a wait. These take much longer on MPE/iX than on a Unix
  73  system, because of a slow forking, mostly.  On a lightly-loaded HP3000
  74  Series 979 running MPE/iX 7.5:
  75  
  76      Configure: 1 hour
  77      make:      1 hour 15 minutes
  78      make test  1 hour 45 minutes
  79  
  80  Various socket problems were fixed in mpeix.c.
  81  
  82  Mark Klein provided a fixed sigsetjmp (that works with dynamic
  83  libraries) in mpeix_setjmp.c
  84  
  85  =back
  86  
  87  June 1, 2000
  88  
  89  =over 4
  90  
  91  =item *
  92  
  93  Rebuilt to be compatible with mod_perl.  If you plan on using
  94  mod_perl, you MUST download and install this version of Perl/iX!
  95  
  96  =item *
  97  
  98  uselargefiles="undef": not available in MPE for POSIX files yet.
  99  
 100  =item *
 101  
 102  Now bundled with various add-on packages:
 103  
 104  =over 8
 105  
 106  =item *
 107  
 108  libnet (as seen on CPAN)
 109  
 110  =item *
 111  
 112  libwww-perl (LWP) which lets Perl programs behave like web browsers:
 113  
 114      1. #!/PERL/PUB/perl
 115      2. use LWP::Simple;
 116      3. $doc = get('http://www.bixby.org/mark/perlix.html');  # reads the
 117         web page into variable $doc
 118  
 119  (http://www.bixby.org/mark/perlix.html)
 120  
 121  =item *
 122  
 123  mod_perl (just the perl portion; the actual DSO will be released
 124  soon with Apache/iX 1.3.12 from bixby.org).  This module allows you to
 125  write high performance persistent Perl CGI scripts and all sorts of
 126  cool things. (http://perl.apache.org/)
 127  
 128  and much much more hiding under /PERL/PUB/.cpan/
 129  
 130  =item *
 131  
 132  The CPAN module now works for automatic downloading and
 133  installing of add-on packages:
 134  
 135      1. export FTP_PASSIVE=1
 136      2. perl -MCPAN -e shell
 137      3. Ignore any terminal I/O related complaints!
 138  
 139  (http://theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca/CPAN/data/perl/CPAN.html)
 140  
 141  =back
 142  
 143  =back
 144  
 145  May 20, 2000
 146  
 147  =over 4
 148  
 149  =item *
 150  
 151  Updated to version 5.6.0.  Builds straight out of the box on MPE/iX.
 152  
 153  =item *
 154  
 155  Perl's getpwnam() function which had regressed to being
 156  unimplemented on MPE is now implemented once again.
 157  
 158  =back
 159  
 160  September 17, 1999
 161  
 162  =over 4
 163  
 164  =item *
 165  
 166  Migrated from cccd.edu to bixby.org.
 167  
 168  =back
 169  
 170  =head1 Welcome to Perl/iX
 171  
 172  This is the official home page for the HP e3000 MPE/iX
 173  ( http://www.hp.com/go/e3000 ) port of the Perl scripting
 174  language ( http://www.perl.com/ ) which gives you all of the power of C,
 175  awk, sed, and sh in a single language. Check here for the latest news,
 176  implemented functionality, known bugs, to-do list, etc. Status reports
 177  about major milestones will also be posted to the HP3000-L mailing list
 178  ( http://www.lsoft.com/scripts/wl.exe?SL1=HP3000-L&H=RAVEN.UTC.EDU ) and
 179  its associated gatewayed newsgroup comp.sys.hp.mpe.
 180  
 181  I'm doing this port because I can't live without Perl on the Unix
 182  machines that I administer, and I want to have the same power
 183  available to me on MPE.
 184  
 185  Please send your comments, questions, and bug reports directly to me,
 186  Mark Bixby ( http://www.bixby.org/mark/ ). Or just post them to HP3000-L.
 187  
 188  The platform I'm using to do this port is an HP 3000 957RX running
 189  MPE/iX 6.0 and using the GNU gcc C compiler
 190  ( http://jazz.external.hp.com/src/gnu/gnuframe.html ).
 191  
 192  The combined porting wisdom from all of my ports can be found in my
 193  MPE/iX Porting Guide (http://www.bixby.org/mark/porting.html).
 194  
 195  IMPORTANT NOTICE: Yes, I do work for the HP CSY R&D lab, but ALL of
 196  the software you download from bixby.org is my personal freeware that
 197  is NOT supported by HP.
 198  
 199  =head1 System Requirements for Perl/iX
 200  
 201  =over 4
 202  
 203  =item *
 204  
 205  MPE/iX 5.5 or later. This version of Perl/iX does NOT run on
 206  MPE/iX 5.0 or earlier, nor does it run on "classic" MPE/V machines.
 207  
 208  =item *
 209  
 210  If you wish to recompile Perl, you must install both GNUCORE and
 211  GNUGCC from jazz (http://jazz.external.hp.com/src/gnu/gnuframe.html).
 212  
 213  =item *
 214  
 215  Perl/iX will be happier on MPE/iX 5.5 if you install the MPEKX40B
 216  extended POSIX filename characters patch, but this is optional.
 217  
 218  =item *
 219  
 220  Patch LBCJXT6A is required on MPE/iX 5.5 machines in order to
 221  prevent Perl/iX from dying with an unresolved external reference
 222  to _getenv_libc.
 223  
 224  =item *
 225  
 226  If you will be compiling Perl/iX yourself, you will also need
 227  Syslog/iX ( http://www.bixby.org/mark/syslogix.html ) and the
 228  /BIND/PUB/include and /BIND/PUB/lib portions of BIND/iX
 229  ( http://www.bixby.org/mark/bindix.html ).
 230  
 231  =back
 232  
 233  =head1 How to Obtain Perl/iX
 234  
 235  =over 4
 236  
 237  =item 1.
 238  
 239  Download Perl using either FTP.ARPA.SYS or some other client
 240  
 241  =item 2.
 242  
 243  Extract the installation script
 244  
 245  =item 3.
 246  
 247  Edit the installation script
 248  
 249  =item 4.
 250  
 251  Run the installation script
 252  
 253  =item 5.
 254  
 255  Convert your *.a system archive libraries to *.sl shared libraries
 256  
 257  =back
 258  
 259  Download Perl using FTP.ARPA.SYS from your HP 3000 (the preferred
 260  method).....
 261  
 262      :HELLO MANAGER.SYS
 263      :XEQ FTP.ARPA.SYS
 264      open ftp.bixby.org
 265      anonymous
 266      your@email.address
 267      bytestream
 268      cd /pub/mpe
 269      get perl-5.6.0-mpe.tar.Z /tmp/perl.tar.Z;disc=2147483647
 270      exit
 271  
 272  .....Or download using some other generic web or ftp client (the alternate
 273  method)
 274  
 275  Download the following files (make sure that you use "binary mode" or
 276  whatever client feature that is 8-bit clean):
 277  
 278  =over 4
 279  
 280  =item *
 281  
 282  Perl from
 283  
 284      http://www.bixby.org/ftp/pub/mpe/perl-5.6.0-mpe.tar.Z
 285  
 286  or
 287  
 288      ftp://ftp.bixby.org/pub/mpe/perl-5.6.0-mpe.tar.Z
 289  
 290  =item *
 291  
 292  Upload those files to your HP 3000 in an 8-bit clean bytestream manner to:
 293  
 294      /tmp/perl.tar.Z
 295  
 296  =item *
 297  
 298  Then extract the installation script (after both download methods)
 299  
 300      :CHDIR /tmp
 301      :XEQ TAR.HPBIN.SYS 'xvfopz /tmp/perl.tar.Z INSTALL'
 302  
 303  =item *
 304  
 305  Edit the installation script
 306  
 307  Examine the accounting structure creation commands and modify if
 308  necessary (adding additional capabilities, choosing a non-system
 309  volume set, etc).
 310  
 311      :XEQ VI.HPBIN.SYS /tmp/INSTALL
 312  
 313  =item *
 314  
 315  Run the installation script.
 316  
 317  The accounting structure will be created and then all files will be
 318  extracted from the archive.
 319  
 320      :XEQ SH.HPBIN.SYS /tmp/INSTALL
 321  
 322  =item *
 323  
 324  Convert your *.a system archive libraries to *.sl shared libraries
 325  
 326  You only have to do this ONCE on your MPE/iX 5.5 machine in order to
 327  convert /lib/lib*.a and /usr/lib/lib*.a libraries to their *.sl
 328  equivalents.  This step should not be necessary on MPE/iX 6.0 or later
 329  machines because the 6.0 or later update process does it for you.
 330  
 331      :XEQ SH.HPBIN.SYS /PERL/PUB/LIBSHP3K
 332  
 333  =back
 334  
 335  =head1 Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
 336  
 337  =over 4
 338  
 339  =item README
 340  
 341  The file you're reading now.
 342  
 343  =item INSTALL
 344  
 345  Perl/iX Installation script.
 346  
 347  =item LIBSHP3K
 348  
 349  Script to convert *.a system archive libraries to *.sl shared libraries.
 350  
 351  =item PERL
 352  
 353  Perl NMPRG executable.  A version-numbered backup copy also
 354  exists.  You might wish to "ln -s /PERL/PUB/PERL /usr/local/bin/perl".
 355  
 356  =item .cpan/
 357  
 358  Much add-on source code downloaded with the CPAN module.
 359  
 360  =item lib/
 361  
 362  Perl libraries, both core and add-on.
 363  
 364  =item man/
 365  
 366  Perl man page documentation.
 367  
 368  =item public_html/feedback.cgi
 369  
 370  Sample feedback CGI form written in Perl.
 371  
 372  =item src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
 373  
 374  Source code.
 375  
 376  =back
 377  
 378  =head1 How to Compile Perl/iX
 379  
 380  =over 4
 381  
 382  =item 1.
 383  
 384  cd src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
 385  
 386  =item 2.
 387  
 388  Read the INSTALL file for the official instructions
 389  
 390  =item 3.
 391  
 392  ./Configure -d
 393  
 394  =item  4.
 395  
 396  make
 397  
 398  =item 5.
 399  
 400  ./mpeix/relink
 401  
 402  =item  6.
 403  
 404  make test (expect approximately 15 out of 11306 subtests to fail,
 405  mostly due to MPE not supporting hard links, UDP socket problems,
 406  and handling exit() return codes improperly)
 407  
 408  =item 7.
 409  
 410  make install
 411  
 412  =item 8.
 413  
 414  Optionally create symbolic links that point to the Perl
 415  executable, i.e. ln -s /PERL/PUB/PERL /usr/local/bin/perl
 416  
 417  =back
 418  
 419  The summary test results from "cd t; ./perl -I../lib harness":
 420  
 421    Failed Test  Status Wstat Total Fail  Failed  List of failed
 422    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 423    io/fs.t                      29    8  27.59%  2-5, 7-9, 11
 424    io/openpid.t                 10    1  10.00%  7
 425    lib/io_sock.t                14    1   7.14%  13
 426    lib/io_udp.t                  7    2  28.57%  3, 5
 427    lib/posix.t                  27    1   3.70%  12
 428    op/lex_assign.t             187    1   0.53%  13
 429    op/stat.t                    58    1   1.72%  3
 430    15 tests and 94 subtests skipped.
 431    Failed 7/236 test scripts, 97.03% okay. 15/11306 subtests failed, 99.87% okay.
 432  
 433  =head1 Getting Started with Perl/iX
 434  
 435  Create your Perl script files with "#!/PERL/PUB/perl" (or an
 436  equivalent symbolic link) as the first line.  Use the chmod command to
 437  make sure that your script has execute permission. Run your script!
 438  
 439  Be sure to take a look at the CPAN module list
 440  ( http://www.cpan.org/CPAN.html ). A wide variety of free Perl software
 441  is available.  You can automatically download these packages by using
 442  the CPAN module ( http://theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca/CPAN/data/perl/CPAN.html ).
 443  
 444  =head1 MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
 445  
 446  There some minor functionality issues to be aware of when comparing
 447  Perl for Unix (Perl/UX) to Perl/iX:
 448  
 449  =over 4
 450  
 451  =item *
 452  
 453  MPE gcc/ld doesn't properly support linking NMPRG executables against
 454  NMXL dynamic libraries, so you must manually run mpeix/relink after
 455  each re-build of Perl.
 456  
 457  =item *
 458  
 459  Perl/iX File::Copy will use MPE's /bin/cp command to copy files by
 460  name in order to preserve file attributes like file code.
 461  
 462  =item *
 463  
 464  MPE (and thus Perl/iX) lacks support for setgrent(), endgrent(),
 465  setpwent(), endpwent().
 466  
 467  =item *
 468  
 469  MPE (and thus Perl/iX) lacks support for hard links.
 470  
 471  =item *
 472  
 473  MPE requires GETPRIVMODE() in order to bind() to ports less than 1024.
 474  Perl/iX will call GETPRIVMODE() automatically on your behalf if you
 475  attempt to bind() to these low-numbered ports.  Note that the Perl/iX
 476  executable and the PERL account do not normally have CAP=PM, so if you
 477  will be bind()-ing to these privileged ports, you will manually need
 478  to add PM capability as appropriate.
 479  
 480  =item *
 481  
 482  MPE requires that you bind() to an IP address of zero.  Perl/iX
 483  automatically replaces the IP address that you pass to bind() with
 484  a zero.
 485  
 486  =item *
 487  
 488  MPE requires GETPRIVMODE() in order to setuid().  There are too many
 489  calls to setuid() within Perl/iX, so I have not attempted an automatic
 490  GETPRIVMODE() solution similar to bind().
 491  
 492  =back
 493  
 494  =head1 Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
 495  
 496  None.
 497  
 498  =head1 Perl/iX To-Do List
 499  
 500  =over 4
 501  
 502  =item *
 503  
 504  Make setuid()/setgid() support work.
 505  
 506  =item *
 507  
 508  Make sure that fcntl() against a socket descriptor is redirected to sfcntl().
 509  
 510  =item *
 511  
 512  Add support for Berkeley DB once I've finished porting Berkeley DB.
 513  
 514  =item *
 515  
 516  Write an MPE XS extension library containing miscellaneous important
 517  MPE functions like GETPRIVMODE(), GETUSERMODE(), and sfcntl().
 518  
 519  =back
 520  
 521  =head1 Perl/iX Change History
 522  
 523  May 6, 1999
 524  
 525  =over 4
 526  
 527  =item *
 528  
 529  Patch LBCJXT6A is required on MPE/iX 5.5 machines in order to prevent
 530  Perl/iX from dying with an unresolved external reference to _getenv_libc.
 531  
 532  =back
 533  
 534  April 7, 1999
 535  
 536  =over 4
 537  
 538  =item *
 539  
 540  Updated to version 5.005_03.
 541  
 542  =item *
 543  
 544  The official source distribution once again compiles "straight out
 545  of the box" for MPE.
 546  
 547  =item *
 548  
 549  The current incarnation of the 5.5 POSIX filename extended
 550  characters patch is now MPEKX40B.
 551  
 552  =item *
 553  
 554  The LIBSHP3K *.a -> *.sl library conversion script is now included
 555  as /PERL/PUB/LIBSHP3K.
 556  
 557  =back
 558  
 559  November 20, 1998
 560  
 561  =over 4
 562  
 563  =item *
 564  
 565  Updated to version 5.005_02.
 566  
 567  =item *
 568  
 569  Fixed a DynaLoader bug that was unable to load symbols from relative
 570  path name libraries.
 571  
 572  =item *
 573  
 574  Fixed a .xs compilation bug where the mpeixish.sh include file wasn't
 575  being installed into the proper directory.
 576  
 577  =item *
 578  
 579  All bugfixes will be submitted back to the official Perl developers.
 580  
 581  =item *
 582  
 583  The current incarnation of the POSIX filename extended characters
 584  patch is now MPEKXJ3A.
 585  
 586  =back
 587  
 588  August 14, 1998
 589  
 590  =over 4
 591  
 592  =item *
 593  
 594  The previous POSIX filename extended characters patch MPEKX44C has
 595  been superseded by MPEKXB5A.
 596  
 597  =back
 598  
 599  August 7, 1998
 600  
 601  =over 4
 602  
 603  =item *
 604  
 605  The previous POSIX filename extended characters patch MPEKX76A has
 606  been superseded by MPEKX44C.
 607  
 608  =back
 609  
 610  July 28, 1998
 611  
 612  =over 4
 613  
 614  =item *
 615  
 616  Updated to version 5.005_01.
 617  
 618  =back
 619  
 620  July 23, 1998
 621  
 622  =over 4
 623  
 624  =item *
 625  
 626  Updated to version 5.005 (production release).  The public
 627  freeware sources are now 100% MPE-ready "straight out of the box".
 628  
 629  =back
 630  
 631  July 17, 1998
 632  
 633  =over 4
 634  
 635  =item *
 636  
 637  Updated to version 5.005b1 (public beta release).  The public
 638  freeware sources are now 99.9% MPE-ready.  By installing and
 639  testing this beta on your own HP3000, you will be helping to
 640  insure that the final release of 5.005 will be 100% MPE-ready and
 641  100% bug free.
 642  
 643  =item *
 644  
 645  My MPE binary release is now extracted using my standard INSTALL script.
 646  
 647  =back
 648  
 649  July 15, 1998
 650  
 651  =over 4
 652  
 653  =item *
 654  
 655  Changed startperl to #!/PERL/PUB/perl so that Perl will recognize
 656  scripts more easily and efficiently.
 657  
 658  =back
 659  
 660  July 8, 1998
 661  
 662  =over 4
 663  
 664  =item *
 665  
 666  Updated to version 5.004_70 (internal developer release) which is now
 667  MPE-ready.  The next public freeware release of Perl should compile
 668  "straight out of the box" on MPE.  Note that this version of Perl/iX
 669  was strictly internal to me and never publicly released.  Note that
 670  [21]BIND/iX is now required (well, the include files and libbind.a) if
 671  you wish to compile Perl/iX.
 672  
 673  =back
 674  
 675  November 6, 1997
 676  
 677  =over 4
 678  
 679  =item *
 680  
 681  Updated to version 5.004_04.  No changes in MPE-specific functionality.
 682  
 683  =back
 684  
 685  October 16, 1997
 686  
 687  =over 4
 688  
 689  =item *
 690  
 691  Added Demos section to the Perl/iX home page so you can see some
 692  sample Perl applications running on my 3000.
 693  
 694  =back
 695  
 696  October 3, 1997
 697  
 698  =over 4
 699  
 700  =item *
 701  
 702  Added System Requirements section to the Perl/iX home page just so the
 703  prerequisites stand out more. Various other home page tweaks.
 704  
 705  =back
 706  
 707  October 2, 1997
 708  
 709  =over 4
 710  
 711  =item *
 712  
 713  Initial public release.
 714  
 715  =back
 716  
 717  September 1997
 718  
 719  =over 4
 720  
 721  =item *
 722  
 723  Porting begins.
 724  
 725  =back
 726  
 727  =head1 AUTHOR
 728  
 729  Mark Bixby, http://www.bixby.org/mark/
 730